Why lb Is the Symbol for Pounds

Have you ever wondered why we use the symbol lb  for the pounds  unit? The word  pound is short for pound weight, which was libra pondo in Latin. The libra part of the phrase meant both weight or balance scales. The Latin usage was shortened to libra, which naturally was abbreviated lb. We adopted the pound part from pondo, yet kept the abbreviation for libra. There are different definitions for the mass of a pound, depending on the country. In the United States, the modern pound unit is defined to be 2.20462234 pounds per metric kilogram. There are 16 ounces in 1 pound. However, in Roman times, the libra (pound) was about 0.3289 kilograms and was divided into 12 uncia or ounces. In Britain, there has been more than one type of pound, including the avoirdupois point and Troy pound. A pound sterling was a tower pound of silver, but the standard was changed to the Troy pound in 1528. The tower pound, merchants pound, and London pound are all obsolete units. The Imperial Standard Pound is defined as having a mass equal to 0.45359237 kilograms, which matches the definition of the international pound, as agreed upon (although not adopted by the U.S.) in 1959. Sources Fletcher, Leroy S.; Shoup, Terry E. (1978). Introduction to Engineering. Prentice-Hall. ISBN 978-0135018583.United States National Bureau of Standards (1959-06-25). Notices Refinement of values for the yard and the pound.Zupko, Ronald Edward (1985). Dictionary of Weights and Measures for the British Isles: The Middle Ages to the 20th Century. DIANE Publishing. ISBN 0-87169-168-X.

A Brief Note On Alzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) - 2624 Words

Sanya Bhambhani Conducting Research in Neuroscience Literature Review Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder affecting approximately 5.1 Americans, and has become one of the most common chronic diseases in developed countries. Consequently, a more comprehensive understanding of the etiology of the disease and possible treatment for AD has become a public health concern. An increasing body of evidence supports a strong and causal association between cardiovascular disease (CVD), its risk factors, and AD, along with its precursor, cognitive decline. Individuals with CVD are at a significantly higher risk of developing dementia and AD. A growing number of studies suggest that cardiovascular disease and cardiovascular risk factors contribute to the early onset of Alzheimer’s and its symptoms. It is possible that lifestyle adjustments or pharmacological interventions which decrease vascular disease may also hold promise for decreasing the affliction of AD and cognitive decline. This review discusses the accumulating body of e vidence relating CVD, CVD risk factors, and Type 2 Diabetes to AD, along with possible mechanisms describing such associations. Cardiovascular Disease An accumulating body of evidence studying both clinical and subclinical CVD has shown a consistent link between poor cardiovascular health and cognitive impairment. For example, in the Rotterdam study (Breteler et al., 1994), of the 4971 subjects who participated in the study,Show MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Alzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) Essay1606 Words   |  7 PagesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurological disorder commonly found in elderly individuals. It affects about 6-8% of people over the age of 65, and this number is expected rise in the coming decades (Gà ©linas et al., 1999). AD is a neurodegenerative disease that cause the deterioration of higher mental functions, this includes the deterioration of memory, cognitive tasks, and eventually motor and sensory skills. However, motor and sensory skills decrease much later in the development of AD. This is becauseRead MoreA Brief Note On Alzheimer s Disease ( Ad ) Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesBackground Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia. AD is initially presented as short term memory loss, forgetfulness, and decrease ability to learn and retain new information. It is a slow and progressive disease. There are two types of AD, sporadic AD which is more common in patients who are 65 or older and familial AD. Amyloid precursor protein, presenilin-1 and presenilin-2 mutations are associated familial AD. Causes A cholesterol transport protein Apolipoprotein E is linkedRead MoreSymptoms Of Alzheimer s Disease2043 Words   |  9 PagesAlzheimer’s disease. It took an emotional toll on me and my family members. I believe Alzheimer is much harder on me and my loved ones than on my grandfather; because he was unaware of what was going on. It’s painful watching my grandfather degrade and get worse each and every day. The worst thing is that he doesn’t even know who I am anymore. In this paper I will discuss certain risk factors, background of Alzheimer’s, Background of Alzheimer’s Alzheimer’s disease was first identifiedRead MoreTreatments for Alzheimers Disease Essay1893 Words   |  8 PagesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) was named after Dr. Alois Alzheimer who described the symptoms in a woman in Germany in the 1907 but it was not until the 1970’s that AD was considered to be a major disorder and AD continues to be a major health concern worldwide (Reger, 2002). The onset of symptoms is usually between 40 and 90 years of age, although onset before 65 years of age is considered to be the early onset form of the disease and onset at 40 is very rare (Reger, 2002). Characteristics of AD are extracellularRead MoreThe Marketing Research of Brainquiry33782 Words   |  136 Pagesresearch provides detailed information related to Belgian psychologists that were found. The same counts for golf clubs. Extra information about Belgium includes Word documents containing information about Belgian ADHD support groups and Alzheimer s disease support groups, additional to this PDF files include information about patients with Mental Health problems in Belgium. These .pfd files are taken from Belgian federal statistics website. Unfortunately, not much information was not found

Microprocessor and Interfacing Free Essays

string(187) " the control register and all ports are set to the input mode e\) A0 and A1 \( Address pins \): These pins in conjunction with RD and WR pins control the selection of one of the 3 ports\." UNIT II- Peripherals and Interfacing PIO 8255 The parallel input-output port chip 8255 is also called as programmable peripheral input-output port. The Intel’s 8255 is designed for use with Intel’s 8-bit, 16-bit and higher capability microprocessors. It has 24 input/output lines which may be individually programmed in two groups of twelve lines each, or three groups of eight lines. We will write a custom essay sample on Microprocessor and Interfacing or any similar topic only for you Order Now The two groups of I/O pins are named as Group A and Group B. Each of these two groups contains a subgroup of eight I/O lines called as 8-bit port and another subgroup of four lines or a 4-bit port. Thus Group A contains an 8-bit port A along with a 4-bit port. C upper. PIO 8255 †¢ The port A lines are identified by symbols PA0-PA7 while the port C lines are identified as PC4-PC7. Similarly, GroupB contains an 8-bit port B, containing lines PB0-PB7 and 4-bit port C with lower bits PC0- PC3. The port C upper and port C lower can be used in combination as an 8-bitport C. †¢ Both the port C are assigned the same address. Thus one may have either three 8-bit I/O ports or two 8-bit and two 4-bit ports from 8255. All of these ports can function independently either as input or as output ports. This can be achieved by programming the bits of an internal register of 8255 called as control word register ( CWR ). PIO 8255 †¢ The internal block diagram and the pin configuration of 8255 are shown in fig. †¢ The 8-bit data bus buffer is controlled by the read/write control logic. The read/write control logic manages all of the internal and external transfers of both data and control words. †¢ RD, WR, A1, A0 and RESET are the inputs provided by the microprocessor to the READ/ WRITE control logic of 8255. The 8-bit, 3-state bidirectional buffer is used to interface the 8255 internal data bus with the external system data bus. PIO 8255 †¢ This buffer receives or transmits data upon the execution of input or output instructions by the microprocessor. The control words or status information is also transferred through the buffer. †¢ The signal description of 8255 are briefly presented as follows : †¢ PA7-PA0: These are eight port A lines that acts as either latched output or buffered input lines depending upon the control word loaded into the control word register. †¢ PC7-PC4 : Upper nibble of port C lines. They may act as either output latches or input buffers lines. PIO 8255 This port also can be used for generation of handshake lines in mode 1 or mode 2. †¢ PC3-PC0 : These are the lower port C lines, other details are the same as PC7-PC4 lines. †¢ PB0-PB7 : These are the eight port B lines which are used as latched output lines or buffered input lines in the same way as port A. †¢ RD : This is the input line driven by the microprocessor and should be low to indicate read operation to 8255. †¢ WR : This is an input line driven by the microprocessor. A low on this line indicates write operation. PIO 8255 †¢ CS : This is a chip select line. If this line goes low, it enables the 8255 to respond to RD and WR signals, otherwise RD and WR signal are neglected. †¢ A1-A0 : These are the address input lines and are driven by the microprocessor. These lines A1-A0 with RD, WR and CS from the following operations for 8255. These address lines are used for addressing any one of the four registers, i. e. three ports and a control word register as given in table below. †¢ In case of 8086 systems, if the 8255 is to be interfaced with lower order data bus, the A0 and A1 pins of 8255 are connected with A1 and A2 respectively. RD 0 0 0 0 RD 1 1 1 1 RD X 1 WR 1 1 1 1 WR 0 0 0 0 WR X 1 CS 0 0 0 0 CS 0 0 0 0 CS 1 0 A1 0 0 1 1 A1 0 0 1 1 A1 X X A0 0 1 0 1 A0 0 1 0 1 A0 X X Input (Read) cycle Port A to Data bus Port B to Data bus Port C to Data bus CWR to Data bus Output (Write) cycle Data bus to Port A Data bus to Port B Data bus to Port C Data bus to CWR Function Data bus tristated Data bus tristated Control Word Register PIO 8255. †¢ D0-D7 : These are the data bus lines those carry data or control word to/from the microprocessor. †¢ RESET : A logic high on this line clears the control word register of 8255. All ports are set as input ports by default after reset. Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture) ( cont.. ) †¢ 1. 2. 3. 4. †¢ It has a 40 pins of 4 groups. Data bus buffer Read Write control logic Group A and Group B controls Port A, B and C Data bus buffer: This is a tristate bidirectional buffer used to interface the 8255 to system databus. Data is transmitted or received by the buffer on execution of input or output instruction by the CPU. Control word and status information are also transferred through this unit. †¢ Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture) ( cont.. ) Read/Write control logic: This unit accepts control signals ( RD, WR ) and also inputs from address bus and issues commands to individual group of control blocks ( Group A, Group B). †¢ It has the following pins. a) CS – Chipselect : A low on this PIN enables the communication between CPU and 8255. b) RD (Read) – A low on this pin enables the CPU to read the data in the ports or the status word through data bus buffer. †¢ Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture) ( cont.. ) WR ( Write ) : A low on this pin, the CPU can write data on to the ports or on to the control register through the data bus buffer. ) RESET: A high on this pin clears the control register and all ports are set to the input mode e) A0 and A1 ( Address pins ): These pins in conjunction with RD and WR pins control the selection of one of the 3 ports. You read "Microprocessor and Interfacing" in category "Papers" †¢ Group A and Group B controls : These block receive control from the CPU and iss ues commands to their respective ports. c) Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture) ( cont.. ) †¢ Group A – PA and PCU ( PC7 -PC4) †¢ Group B – PCL ( PC3 – PC0) †¢ Control word register can only be written into no read operation of the CW register is allowed. a) Port A: This has an 8 bit latched/buffered O/P and 8 bit input latch. It can be programmed in 3 modes – mode 0, mode 1, mode 2. b) Port B: This has an 8 bit latched / buffered O/P and 8 bit input latch. It can be programmed in mode 0, mode1. Block Diagram of 8255 (Architecture). c) Port C : This has an 8 bit latched input buffer and 8 bit out put latched/buffer. This port can be divided into two 4 bit ports and can be used as control signals for port A and port B. it can be programmed in mode 0. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ These are two basic modes of operation of 8255. I/O mode and Bit Set-Reset mode (BSR). †¢ In I/O mode, the 8255 ports work as programmable I/O ports, while in BSR mode only port C (PC0-PC7) can be used to set or reset its individual port bits. †¢ Under the I/O mode of operation, further there are three modes of operation of 8255, so as to support different types of applications, mode 0, mode 1 and mode 2. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ BSR Mode: In this mode any of the 8-bits of port C can be set or reset depending on D0 of the control word. The bit to be set or reset is selected by bit select flags D3, D2 and D 1 of the CWR as given in table. I/O Modes : a) Mode 0 ( Basic I/O mode ): This mode is also called as basic input/output mode. This mode provides simple input and output capabilities using each of the three ports. Data can be simply read from and written to the input and output ports respectively, after appropriate initialisation. D3 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 D2 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 D1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Selected bit s of port C D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 BSR Mode : CWR Format PA 8 2 5 5 PCU PCL PA6 – PA7 PC4 – PC7 PC0-PC3 PB PB0 – PB7 8 2 5 5 PA PCU PCL PB PA PC PB0 – PB7 All Output Port A and Port C acting as O/P. Port B acting as I/P Mode 0 Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ 1. The salient features of this mode are as listed below: Two 8-bit ports ( port A and port B )and two 4-bit ports (port C upper and lower ) are available. The two 4-bit ports can be combinedly used as a third 8-bit port. Any port can be used as an input or output port. Output ports are latched. Input ports are not latched. A maximum of four ports are available so that overall 16 I/O configuration are possible. All these modes can be selected by programming a register internal to 8255 known as CWR. 2. 3. 4. †¢ Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. †¢ The control word register has two formats. The first format is valid for I/O modes of operation, i. e. modes 0, mode 1 and mode 2 while the second format is valid for bit set/reset (BSR) mode of operation. These formats are shown in following fig. D7 1 D6 X D5 X D4 X D3 D2 D1 D0 0- Reset 0-for BSR mode Bit select flags D3, D2, D1 are from 000 to 111 for bits PC0 TO PC71- Set I/O Mode Control Word Register Format and BSR Mode Control Word Register Format PA3 PA2 PA1 PA0 RD CS GND A1 A0 PC7 PC6 PC5 PC4 PC0 PC1 PC2 PC3 PB0 PB1 PB2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 0 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 PA4 PA5 PA6 PA7 WR Reset D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Vcc PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 8255A 8255A Pin Configuration = D0-D7 CS RESET 8255A A0 A1 RD PA0-PA7 PC4-PC7 PC0-PC3 PB0-PB7 Vcc WR GND Signals of 8255 3 Group A control 1 D0-D7 Data bus Buffer 8 bit int data bus 4 Group A Port A(8) PA0-PA7 Group A Port C upper(4) Group B Port C Lower(4) PC7-PC4 PC0-PC3 2 RD WR A0 A1 RESET CS Block Diagram of 8255 READ/ WRITE Control Logic Group B control PB7-PB0 Group B Port B(8) D7 D6 D5 Mode for Port A D4 PA D3 PC U D2 Mode for PB D1 PB D0 PC L Mode Set flag 1- active 0- BSR mode Group – A 1 Input PC u 0 Output 1 Input PA 0 Output 00 – mode 0 Mode 01 – mode 1 Select of PA 10 – mode 2 Group – B PCL PB Mode Select 1 Input 0 Output 1 Input 0 Output 0 mode- 0 1 mode- 1 Control Word Format of 8255 Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) b) Mode 1: ( Strobed input/output mode ) In this mode the handshaking control the input and output action of the specified port. Port C lines PC0-PC2, provide strobe or handshake lines for port B. This group which includes port B and PC0-PC2 is called as group B for Strobed data input/output. Port C lines PC3-PC5 provide strobe lines for port A. This group including port A and PC3-PC5 from group A. Thus port C is utilized for generating handshake signals. The salient features of mode 1 are listed as follows: Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) 1. 2. 3. 4. Two groups – group A and group B are available for strobed data transfer. Each group contains one 8-bit data I/O port and one 4-bit control/data port. The 8-bit data port can be either used as input and output port. The inputs and outputs both are latched. Out of 8-bit port C, PC0-PC2 are used to generate control signals for port B and PC3-PC5 are used to generate control signals for port A. he lines PC6, PC7 may be used as independent data lines. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ The control signals for both the groups in input and output modes are explained as follows: Input control signal definitions (mode 1 ): †¢ STB( Strobe input ) – If this lines falls to logic low level, the data available at 8-bit input port is loaded into input latche s. †¢ IBF ( Input buffer full ) – If this signal rises to logic 1, it indicates that data has been loaded into latches, i. e. it works as an acknowledgement. IBF is set by a low on STB and is reset by the rising edge of RD input. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ INTR ( Interrupt request ) – This active high output signal can be used to interrupt the CPU whenever an input device requests the service. INTR is set by a high STB pin and a high at IBF pin. INTE is an internal flag that can be controlled by the bit set/reset mode of either PC4 (INTEA) or PC2(INTEB) as shown in fig. †¢ INTR is reset by a falling edge of RD input. Thus an external input device can be request the service of the processor by putting the data on the bus and sending the strobe signal. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. Output control signal definitions (mode 1) : †¢ OBF (Output buffer full ) – This status signal, whenever falls to low, indicates that CPU has written data to the specified output port. The OBF flip-flop will be set by a rising edge of WR signal and reset by a low going edge at the ACK input. †¢ ACK ( Acknowledge input ) – ACK signal acts as an acknowledgement to be given by a n output device. ACK signal, whenever low, informs the CPU that the data transferred by the CPU to the output device through the port is received by the output device. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ INTR ( Interrupt request ) – Thus an output signal that can be used to interrupt the CPU when an output device acknowledges the data received from the CPU. INTR is set when ACK, OBF and INTE are 1. It is reset by a falling edge on WR input. The INTEA and INTEB flags are controlled by the bit set-reset mode of PC 6and PC2 respectively. 1 0 1 0 Input control signal definitions in Mode 1 1/0 X X X 1 X X X X 1 1 X D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 – Input 0 – Output For PC6 – PC7 PA0 – PA7 INTEA PC4 PC5 STBA IBFA D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 PB0 – PB7 INTEB PC 2 PC1 STBB IBFB PC3 RD PC6 – PC7 INTRA I/O PC0 INTR A Mode 1 Control Word Group A I/P RD Mode 1 Control Word Group B I/P STB IBF INTR RD DATA from Peripheral Mode 1 Strobed Input Data Transfer WR OBF INTR ACK Data OP to Port Mode 1 Strobed Data Output Output control signal definitions Mode 1 1 0 1 0 1/0 X X X 1 X X X X 1 0 X D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 1 – Input 0 – Output For PC4 – PC5 PA0 – PA7 INTEA PC7 PC6 OBF ACKA D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 PB0 PB7 INTEB PC PC2 1 OBFB ACKB PC3 WR PC4 – PC5 PC0 INTRA I/O INTRB Mode 1 Control Word Group A Mode 1 Control Word Group B Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ Mode 2 ( Strobed bidirectional I/O ): This mode of operation of 8255 is also called as strobed bidirectional I/O. This mode of operation provides 8255 with an additional features for communicating with a peripheral device on an 8-bit data bus. Handshaking signals are provided to maintain proper data flow and synchronization between the data transmitter and receiver. The interrupt generation and other functions are similar to mode 1. †¢ In this mode, 8255 is a bidirectional 8-bit port with handshake signals. The RD and WR signals decide whether the 8255 is going to operate as an input port or output port. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The Salient features of Mode 2 of 8255 are listed as follows: The single 8-bit port in group A is available. The 8-bit port is bidirectional and additionally a 5-bit control port is available. Three I/O lines are available at port C. ( PC2 – PC0 ) Inputs and outputs are both latched. The 5-bit control port C (PC3-PC7) is used for generating / accepting handshake signals for the 8-bit data transfer on port A. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ Control signal definitions in mode 2: †¢ INTR – (Interrupt request) As in mode 1, this control signal is active high and is used to interrupt the microprocessor to ask for transfer of the next data byte to/from it. This signal is used for input ( read ) as well as output ( write ) operations. †¢ Control Signals for Output operations: †¢ OBF ( Output buffer full ) – This signal, when falls to low level, indicates that the CPU has written data to port A. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) ACK ( Acknowledge ) This control input, when falls to logic low level, acknowledges that the previous data byte is received by the destination and next byte may be sent by the processor. This signal enables the internal tristate buffers to send the next data byte on port A. †¢ INTE1 ( A flag associated with OBF ) This can be controlled by bit set/reset mode with PC6 . †¢ Control signals for input operations : †¢ STB (Strobe input ) A low on this line is used to strobe in the data into the input latches of 8255. Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ IBF ( Input buffer full ) When the data is loaded into input buffer, this ignal rises to logic ‘1’. This can be used as an acknowledge that the data has been received by the receiver. †¢ The waveforms in fig show the operation in Mode 2 for output as well as input port. †¢ Note: WR must occur before ACK and STB must be activated before RD. WR OBF INTR ACK STB IBF Data bus RD Mode 2 Bidirectional Data Transfer Data from 8085 Data towards 8255 Modes of Operation of 8255 (cont.. ) †¢ The following fig shows a schematic diagram containing an 8-bit bidirectional port, 5-bit control port and the relation of INTR with the control pins. Port B can either be set to Mode 0 or 1 with port A( Group A ) is in Mode 2. Mode 2 is not available for port B. The following fig shows the control word. †¢ The INTR goes high onl y if either IBF, INTE2, STB and RD go high or OBF, INTE1, ACK and WR go high. The port C can be read to know the status of the peripheral device, in terms of the control signals, using the normal I/O instructions. D7 1 D6 1 D5 X D4 X D3 X D2 1/0 D1 1/0 D0 1/0 1/0 mode Port A mode 2 Port B mode 0-mode 0 1- mode 1 PC2 – PC0 1 – Input 0 – Output Port B 1- I/P 0-O/P Mode 2 control word PC3 PA0-PA7 INTR INTE 1 PC7 PC6 OBF ACK STB IBF 3 I/O INTE 2 RD WR PC4 PC5 Mode 2 pins How to cite Microprocessor and Interfacing, Papers

Employees Perceive HRM Practices

Question: Discuss about the Employees Perceive HRM Practices. Answer: Introduction Human Resource Management has become one of the most important branches of an organization in the current world, where the need for recruitment and retention of talent is the key factor for success. With the increasing number of graduates, globalization and inter-continental studies, it has is necessary that the organizations around the globe have the facility to filter and select the right candidates for a job, retain these candidates and take care of all their grievances. HRM is also responsible for the performance of an employee during their time in the organization, which includes training and development activities that help the employee grow and increase their value within the organization. To achieve all the above there are several practices adopted around the globe. Some of the top practices are discussed below. Best HRM Practices This is a system rather than a task and hence has to be set in place. Best practices in performance management are Helping an employee understand what is expected of them in the beginning of a performance cycle (Caligiuri, 2014) One on One with manager to set clear goals and timelines Monthly review of goals and milestones reached Managerial feedback regularly (Alfes, 2013) Clear analysis of goals post performance cycle Identifying key success and setbacks to appraise the employee Recognize and reward top performances at team and organization level Help the employee to develop a plan that would overcome their previous set backs (Xing, 2016) Limitations: Some of the limitations could be that the employee goals are not aligned with organizational goals which would make goal setting difficult. Managers have to view each employee by their individual potential rather than a percentage resource (Ahlvik, 2015). If expectations are not clearly set, employee may work for the wrong goals in a cycle. Training and Development Professional growth is a result of training and development that is provided over the years to an employee as a part of their tenure in an organization. Several employees value growth opportunities rather than monetary gain and hence it is necessary to have a strong training and development initiative in place. Demand based training: Certain projects require new and novice skills and based on these demands training can be arranged to a certain number of individuals as they are costly. These training would make the employee feel special and at the same time increase the value of the organization (Veloso, 2015). Required Training: Each quarter HR takes feedback from the employee to understand the training that the employees expect to learn. Based on the highest demand a particular training is provided through external agencies if required. Internal Trainings: As a boost to the existing employees, several key employees are given the opportunity to train new skill recruited (Cooke, 2014). Compensation Strategies Compensation is crucial in retaining employees. Below are some of the compensation strategies that turned out be some of the best practices Seniority based compensation: A percentage hike of salary is paid as a tribute to the loyalty of the employee there by recognizing employees who are dedicated to the company (Pillai, 2016) Performance payout: It is a variable pay usually given per quarter recognizing the efforts of employees Overtime and Shift pays: paid for extra effort put in by the employee Shares: Company shares are given as a part of the package thereby reaping the benefits of a profitable organization which also boosts the morale of the employee (Donate, 2016) Talent Acquisition and recruitment This is where the HR management communicates with the world outside in search of potential candidates. The world today is facing a workforce meltdown, where the number of young recruits are few in comparison to the retiring candidates (Furusawa, 2016). In a condition as such it is necessary that the right talent for each job is identified and are recruited by offering the right compensation. The need to recruit High Skilled Knowledge Workers is at a zenith and talent acquisition is one of the major HRM practice (Giauque, 2013). This is the most tedious task for a HR management and hence has several ways to identify and recruit talent in the organization Method Advantages Limitations Referrals: This method usually uses the contacts of existing employees to find the right candidates and pays a bonus to the employee who helped identify the talent (Theriou, 2014) Low cost even when bonus is given Employees would know if a candidate would fit into the organizational culture Boosts the morale of the referring employee Arguments over the selection of candidates between employees and HR if a candidate is not chosen Chances that employee would refer not so talented sources Social Media and Internet. Posting ads and using sources such as LinkedIn Negligible Cost High number of audience Global reach Cannot be used in case the organizations are searching for employees who are not computer literate Screening could be difficult because of the volume Search Agencies High number of potential applicants Costly Campus Recruitment Best for entry level jobs Excellent PR for the organization Ambitious and passionate candidates can be picked Costly Time Consuming Job Fairs Easy to locate employees looking for immediate recruitment (Bjrkman, 2014). High Diversity Costly Open House The employer calls for applications. Hence has candidates that are interested in joining this particular organization. High number of positions can be easily filled Costly Candidates who are not looking for this particular organization may not be aware of the recruitment Need for high number of interviewers Time Consuming Banners, signs and advertisements Good PR Costly Restricted to Geographical locations Conclusion HRM plays a key role in any organization and several practices available worldwide are selected based on the organizational values. Each of these practices is unique and employee beneficial to ensure that the organization grows to work with talent and right minded people References Ahlvik, C., Bjrkman, I. (2015). Towards explaining subsidiary implementation, integration, and internalization of MNC headquarters HRM practices.International Business Review,24(3), 497-505. Alfes, K., Truss, C., Soane, E. C., Rees, C., Gatenby, M. (2013). The relationship between line manager behavior, perceived HRM practices, and individual performance: Examining the mediating role of engagement.Human resource management,52(6), 839-859. Bjrkman, I., Ehrnrooth, M., Mkel, K., Smale, A., Sumelius, J. (2014). From HRM practices to the practice of HRM: setting a research agenda.Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance,1(2), 122-140. Caligiuri, P. (2014). Many moving parts: Factors influencing the effectiveness of HRM practices designed to improve knowledge transfer within MNCs.Journal of International Business Studies,45(1), 63-72. Cooke, F. L. (2014). Chinese multinational firms in Asia and Africa: Relationships with institutional actors and patterns of HRM practices.Human Resource Management,53(6), 877-896. Donate, M. J., Pea, I., Sanchez de Pablo, J. D. (2016). HRM practices for human and social capital development: effects on innovation capabilities.The International Journal of Human Resource Management,27(9), 928-953. Furusawa, M., Brewster, C. (2016). IHRM and expatriation in Japanese MNCs: HRM practices and their impact on adjustment and job performance.Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources. Giauque, D., Anderfuhren-Biget, S., Varone, F. (2013). HRM practices, intrinsic motivators, and organizational performance in the public sector.Public Personnel Management,42(2), 123-150. Theriou, G., Chatzoglou, P. (2014). The impact of best HRM practices on performanceidentifying enabling factors.Employee Relations,36(5), 535-561. Pillai, R. P., Abraham, C. (2016). Comparative Analysis of the HRM Practices between Hospitality and Healthcare Sectors in South Kerala.SDMIMD Journal of Management,7(2), 11-19. Veloso, A., Tzafrir, S., Enosh, G. (2015). How employees perceive HRM practices: Differences between public and private organizations.Human resource management challenges and changes, 19-36. Xing, Y., Liu, Y., Tarba, S. Y., Cooper, C. L. (2016). Intercultural influences on managing African employees of Chinese firms in Africa: Chinese managers HRM practices.International Business Review,25(1), 28-41.